منابع مشابه
Guarantees From
33 CHAOS T he P2P revolution promises freedom from boundaries, censorship, and centralized control. P2P proponents claim the vast untapped resource of personal computers owned by ordinary people can be combined together to build something greater and more reliable than the sum of its parts. Each participating computer or node in a P2P system is called a " peer, " meaning that participants inter...
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We present our on-going efforts to guarantee the timing behavior of a program targeted for the precision timed architecture. We extend both the ISA and the hardware to support a set of timing instructions that allow programmers to control the execution time of a sequence of instructions. Programs written using these timing instructions specify deadlines within the program specification itself, ...
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One goal in network design is the construction of sparse networks that guarantee short distances with respect to some given distance requirements. By this, it can be guaranteed, for example, that delays that are incurred by link faults are bounded. An appropriate graph-theoretic model for this is the concept of k–spanners: Given a graph G, a k–spanner of G is a spanning subgraph S, such that th...
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Electronic Commerce over the Internet is one of the most rapidly growing areas in todays business. However, considering the most important phase of Electronic Commerce, the payment, it has to be noted that in most currently exploited approaches support for at least one of the participants is limited. From a general point of view, a couple of requirements for correct payment interactions exist, ...
متن کاملUnderstanding Individual Account Guarantees
Demographic aging renders workers vulnerable to the inherent uncertainty of unfunded social security systems. This realization has set off a global wave of social security reforms, and more than 20 countries have set up Individual Accounts (IA) plans in response. Strengths of IAs are that participants gain ownership in their accounts, and they also may diversify their pension investments; addit...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: JAMA Internal Medicine
سال: 2018
ISSN: 2168-6106
DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.5403